Uttar Pradesh holds the distinction of being the state with the highest number of districts in India, currently totaling 75. It is also the most populous state and ranks fifth in terms of area among Indian states. The state's vast population surpasses that of most countries, with only China, the U.S., Indonesia, Brazil, and India as a whole having larger populations.

Kanpur is the largest city in Uttar Pradesh, playing a key role in the state's economy and industry. As per the 2001 Census, six cities, Agra, Allahabad (now Prayagraj), Kanpur, Lucknow, Meerut, and Varanasi, each had a population exceeding one million. The state's demographic and urban growth continue to shape its cultural and political landscape.